1) Robert Rosenthal — the 1965 school/“experimenter effects” work (Pygmalion)
What happened: In the mid-1960s Robert Rosenthal ran a now-famous set of studies showing experimenter/teacher expectations can change outcomes — students labeled as “spurters” (or expected to do better) actually showed larger IQ/test gains later. This line of work led to the popular phrase “Pygmalion effect” (expectation→performance) and Rosenthal’s later book and papers summarizing the phenomenon.
Why 1965 matters: Rosenthal’s classroom studies had key data collections and follow-ups in 1964–1966 (reports and analyses often reference tests done in 1965), and the controversy/replication debate around his results began soon after. These 1960s experiments are the nucleus of his later 1968 book Pygmalion in the Classroom and many subsequent meta-analyses of experimenter effects.
Impact & controversy:
- The studies changed how psychologists think about expectancy effects, teacher bias, and experimental design (raising awareness of experimenter expectancy as a confound).
- Replications produced mixed results; some confirmed substantial expectancy effects, others found smaller effects — spawning decades of methodological debate.
2) Archival / government “Rosenthal” files (mentions in FBI / JFK / intelligence releases)
What this could be: Several declassified FBI/CIA/JFK-related document releases mention people named Rosenthal in 1965 (for example in FBI/JFK archives). Those are records in official files referring to individuals named Rosenthal (not the psychologist’s experiments). If you’ve seen a PDF or FOIA release titled with “Rosenthal” + 1965, it’s likely one of these archival references. Example archive pages include scanned FBI/JFK release PDFs that mention activity in May–July 1965.
How to proceed if you mean these: Tell me (or paste) the exact document title or a snippet/phrase from it and I’ll fetch and summarize the specific file (date, people involved, and key findings) from the archives.
Quick
- If you mean Robert Rosenthal’s 1965 research → it’s the origin of the Pygmalion/expectancy-effect literature and created a long debate about how expectations shape performance.
- If you mean a declassified FBI/CIA/JFK “Rosenthal” file from 1965 → those are archival records; give me the document title or a snippet and I’ll summarize the file’s contents and context.
Which of these did you mean? If it’s the psychologist, I can give a clear, source-backed timeline of the 1964–1966 experiments, key papers, and major replications. If it’s an archival/Government file, paste the file name or a line from it and I’ll pull and summarize the document for you.